Perbedaan Kebijakan Indonesia dan Vietnam di Tengah Kompetisi Vaksin Cina dan Amerika Serikat di Era Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract

Tulisan ini berusaha untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya diferensiasi kebijakan antara Vietnam dan Indonesia dalam merespons kompetisi vaksin Cina dan Amerika Serikat. Konsep foreign policy decision making (FPDM) dari Alex Mintz dan Karl DeRouen Jr digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memotivasi Vietnam maupun Indonesia untuk menerapkan kebijakan (balancing maupun bandwagoning). Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah  studi kasus pada dua negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara yakni Vietnam dan Indonesia.

Analisi ini menemukan bahwa Vietnam menerapkan kebijakan balancing dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman dalam memproduksi vaksin penyakit sebelumnya, advisory group (special working group Kemenkes, pengusaha, dan pengembang vaksin); ketidakpercayaan masyarakat Vietnam terhadap vaksin Cina dan kecurigaan terhadap isu Laut Cina Selatan; pemulihan status sebagai emerging middle power. Sementara itu, kebijakan bandwagoning Indonesia terkonstruksi oleh keterbatasan informasi dan waktu, advisory group (Menlu Retno Marsudi dan Presiden Joko Widodo), opini publik mengenai program vaksinasi, kepentingan ekonomi, vaccine nationalism, dan keterlambatan distribusi vaksin AstraZeneca.

 

Keywords
  • balancing
  • bandwagoning
  • FPDM
  • Indonesis
  • vietnam
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How to Cite
Saputra, O. B. (2024). Perbedaan Kebijakan Indonesia dan Vietnam di Tengah Kompetisi Vaksin Cina dan Amerika Serikat di Era Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal ISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 21(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.36451/jisip.v21i1.307
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