Referendum Skotlandia terhadap Britania Raya Tahun 2014

  • Sandi Saputra 
    IISIP Jakarta
    Indonesia

Abstract

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui upaya-upaya Scottish National Party (SNP) dalam memperjuangkan referendum Skotlandia terhadap Britania Raya tahun 2014. Metode Penelitian: Kualitatif Deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian: Hubungan Skotlandia dengan Britania Raya sebagai persekutuan dimulai pada tahun 1707 melalui Act of Union 1707. Britania Raya terdiri dari empat bangsa yaitu Inggris, Irlandia Utara, Skotlandia dan Wales. SNP berdiri pada tahun 1934 sebagai partai dengan aliran nasionalis dan meraih kekuasaan di eksekutif dari tahun 2007 sejak pemerintahan Skotlandia kembali berdiri pada tahun 1998. Penelitian ini dikaji dari sudut pandang konstruktivisme dengan norma insternasional self-determination. SNP bertindak dipengaruhi oleh norma self-determination yang membentuk identitas SNP yaitu nasionalisme. Kemudian identitas itu membentuk kepentingan SNP untuk memisahkan Skotlandia dari Britania Raya. Untuk mencapai kepentingan tersebut SNP melakukan empat upaya yaitu mengajukan proposal perubahan Scotland Act 1998 ke pemerintah Britania Raya, mengajukan proposal penyelenggaraan referendum ke parlemen Skotlandia, framing issues kemerdekaan Skotlandia dan kampanye pemisahan skotlandia dari Britania Raya. Namun, SNP gagal mencapai kepentingannya dengan hasil hanya 44.7% yang mendukung SNP dalam referendum pada tanggal 14 September 2014. Dengan demikian referendum ini bukanlah realitas sosial yang given namun hasil dari konstruksi SNP.
Keywords
  • United Kingdom
  • Scotland, SNP
  • Constructivism
  • Self-determination
  • Self-government
  • Referendum
Lisensing Information
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How to Cite
Saputra, S. (2017). Referendum Skotlandia terhadap Britania Raya Tahun 2014. Jurnal ISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 14(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.36451/jisip.v14i1.575
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